1814
|
'''1814''' was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).
Events
January 14 - Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden in exchange for west Pomerania, as part of the Treaty of Kiel
January 29 - France|French army of Emperor Napoleon I of France|Napoleon I wins the Battle of Brienne
January 31 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.
February - Congress of Chatillon - see George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
February 1 - Mayon Volcano, in the Philippines, erupts, killing around 1,200 people; most devastating eruption of Mayon Volcano
February 11 - Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar Union
February 14 - Napoleon I of France|Napoleon wins the Battle of Vauchamps
February 18 - Napoleon I of France|Napoleon wins the Battle of Montereau
March 7 - Napoleon I of France|Napoleon wins the Battle of Craonne
March 9 - the USS Enterprise (1799)|USS Enterprise reaches Wilmington, North Carolina, returning from the Caribbean.
March 10 - Napoleon I of France|Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France
March 27 - War of 1812: In northern Alabama, United States forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek (people)|Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
March 31 - Anti-Napoleonic troops occupy Paris
April 4 or April 6 - Emperor Napoleon I of France|Napoleon abdicates.
April 10 - the Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington wins the Battle of Toulouse (1814)|Battle of Toulouse
May 3 - Duke of Provence, future Louis XVIII of France returns to Paris
May 5 - War of 1812|British-American War (War of 1812): The United Kingdom|British attack Fort Ontario at Oswego, New York.
May 17 - Norway's new constitution signed at Eidsvoll
May 17 - Occupation of Monaco changes from France|French to Austrian hands
May 30 - The Treaty of Paris (1814)|First Treaty of Paris is signed returning France's borders to their 1792 extent. Napoleon I of France is exiled to Elba on the same day.
July 5 - War of 1812: Battle of Chippewa - American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippewa, Ontario.
July 24 - War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward Niagara Falls, Ontario to halt Jacob Brown's United States|American invaders.
July 25 - War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane - Reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls, Ontario for General Riall's United Kingdom|British and Canada|Canadian force, and bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's United States|Americans commences at 18.00; Americans retreat to Fort Erie.
August 13 - signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
August 24 - War of 1812: British troops burn Washington, DC, The Burning of Washington.
August 28 - Alexandria, Virginia offers surrender to the British fleet without a fight.
September 11 - USS Ticonderoga is victorious in the Battle of Lake Champlain (1814)|Battle of Lake Champlain
September 14 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner.
November 28 - London ''The Times'' newspaper becomes the first to be printed on a steam-powered press.
December 24 - peace treaty of Ghent ends War of 1812 between United States and United Kingdom|Britain.
Missionaries attempt to write down the Maori_language
George Stephenson designs his first locomotive ''Blutcher''
John Abernethy (surgeon)|John Abernethy appointed lecturer in anatomy to the Royal College of Surgeons
John Keats leaves apprenticeship to become a student at a local hospital
Sir Walter Scott writes ''Waverley''
Guyana transferred from Netherlands to United Kingdom|Britain; it is renamed "British Guiana"
In England, the last hanging under the Black Act - William Potter for cutting down an orchard - even the judge petitioned for reprieve
Ongoing events
Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)-Peninsular War/Sixth Coalition
War of 1812 (1812-1815)
Births
January 27 - Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (b. 1879)
February 18 - Samuel Fenton Cary, American politician and temperance activist (d. 1900)
April 3 - Lorenzo Snow, president of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1901)
April 21 - Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, English philanthropist (d. 1906)
May 30 - Mikhail Bakunin, Russian anarchist (d. 1876)
August 8 - Esther Hobart Morris|Esther Morris, American suffragist and judge (d. 1902)
August 10 - Henri Nestlé, German-born Swiss chocolate magnate (d. 1890)
August 13 - Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (d. 1874)
August 28 - Sheridan le Fanu, Irish writer (d. 1873)
September 2 - Ernst Curtius, German archaeologist and historian (d. 1896)
September 8 - Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg|Charles-Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French writer and historian (d. 1874)
October 4 - Jean-François Millet, French painter (d. 1875)
October 15 - Mikhail Lermontov, Russian writer (d. 1841)
November 6 - Adolphe Sax, Belgian instrument maker and inventor (d. 1894)
Táhirih, Persian Bahá'í heroine
Deaths
January 27 - Philip Astley, English circus promoter (b. 1742)
March 28 - Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, French inventor (b. 1838)
April 12 - Charles Burney, English music historian (b. 1726)
May 29 - Josephine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (b. 1763)
July 12 - William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, British general
July 19 - Captain Matthew Flinders, English explorer of the coasts of Australia (b. 1774)
August 21 - Benjamin Thompson, American physicist and inventor (b. 1753)
August 31 - Arthur Phillip, British admiral and first governor of New South Wales (b. 1738)
September 8 - Marie Caroline of Austria, queen of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, and ''de facto'' ruler (b. 1752)
October 19 - Mercy Otis Warren, American playwright (b. 1728)
November 23 - Elbridge Gerry, Vice President of the United States of America (b. 1744)
December 2 - Donatien Alphonse Francois de Sade, French writer (b. 1740)
December 13 - Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne, Austrian field marshal (b. 1735)
Other
1814 was what inspired the name of Janet Jackson|Janet Jackson's 2nd hit album, Rhythm Nation 1814. It was the year women could get an education beyond the 8th grade level.
|