1872
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'''1872''' was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).
Events
January - April
January 2 - Brigham Young is arrested for polygamy|bigamy (25 wives).
January 12 - Yohannes IV of Ethiopia|Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 200 years.
February 20 - In New York City the Metropolitan Museum of Art opens.
March 1 - Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park
March 5 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake (rail)|air brake.
March 5 - The case of Tichborne Claimant decided against the claimant Arthur Orton
March 26 - Earthquake at Lone Pine, California with an estimated magnitude of 7.2 .
May - August
May 10 - Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for President of the United States, although she is a year too young to qualify and does not appear on the ballot.
May 22 - Reconstruction: President Ulysses S. Grant signs the Amnesty Act of 1872 into law restoring full civil rights to all but about 500 Confederate States of America|Confederate sympathizers.
June 14 - Trade unions legalised in Canada.http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=ArchivedFeatures&Params=A218 July 4 - Society of Jesus is pronounced Illegal in German Empire
September - December
September 1 - Group of Icaiche Maya under Marcos Canul attack Orange Walk town in British Honduras. British send troops against them
November - Ulysses S. Grant defeats Horace Greeley in the U.S. presidential election, 1872|U.S. presidential election
November 5 - Women's suffrage: In defiance of the law, suffragist Susan B. Anthony votes for the first time (on November 18 she was served an arrest warrant and in the subsequent trial she was fined $100 - she never paid the fine).
November 7 – ''Mary Celeste'' sets sail from New York, bound for Genoa
November 9 - Great Boston Fire of 1872: In Boston, Massachusetts, a large fire begins to burn on Lincoln Street (the two day event destroyed about 65 acres (0.3 km²) of city, 776 buildings, much of the financial district and caused US$60 million in damage).
November 27 - Meteor rain display over France
November 29 - Indian Wars: The Modoc War begins with the Battle of Lost River.
November 30 - First ever international Football (soccer)|football match takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Scotland.
December 4 - The crewless United States|American ship ''Mary Celeste'' is found by the United Kingdom|British brig ''Dei Gratia'' (the ship was abandoned for 9 days but was only slightly damaged).
December 12 - A meteorite struck earth near Banbury, England.
December 21 - Challenger expedition|HMS Challenger sails from Portsmouth on the 4 year scientific expedition that would lay the foundation for the science of oceanography
Unknown date
Louis Ducos du Hauron creates the first Color photography|color photograph.http://www.worldisround.com/articles/2378/photo2.html London Metropolitan Police strike.
In the aftermath of the War of the Triple Alliance, new government of Paraguay makes peace with Brazil, grant reparations and territorial concessions
Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition
Foundation of the ''Kolozsvári Egyetem'', the predecessor of the University of Szeged
US government geologist Clarence King reveals the Diamond hoax of 1872|diamond hoax in Wyoming
Births
January 6 - Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (d. 1915)
January 23 - Goce Delchev, Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1903)
January 31 - Zane Grey, American writer (d. 1939)
March 7 - Piet Mondrian, Dutch painter (d. 1944)
April 29 - Harry Payne Whitney, businessman, horse breeder (d. 1930)
May 18 - Bertrand Russell, English philosopher and mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (d. 1970)
May 31 - Heath Robinson, British cartoonist and illustrator (d. 1944)
July 1 - Louis Bleriot|Louis Blériot, French aviation pioneer (d. 1936)
July 4 - Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States (d. 1933)
July 16 - Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer (d. 1928)
August 3 - King Haakon VII of Norway (d. 1957)
August 9 - Joseph August, Archduke of Austria, Austiran field marshal (d. 1962)
August 10 - Bill Johnson, American jazz musician (d. 1972)
August 13 - Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
August 15 - Sri Aurobindo, Indian nationalist, writer, and mystic (d. 1950)
August 21 - Aubrey Beardsley, British artist (d. 1898)
October 11 - Harlan Fiske Stone|Harlan F. Stone, United States Supreme Court/Chief Justice|Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1946)
November 30 - John McCrae, Canadian soldier and poet (d. 1918)
December 21 - Don Lorenzo Perosi, Italian composer (d. 1956)
December 26 - Norman Angell, British poltician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1967)
Charles Greely Abbot, American astrophysicist
Deaths
January 7 - Big Jim Fisk, American financier (b. 1834)
January 21 - Franz Grillparzer, Austrian writer (b. 1791)
April 1 - Frederick Maurice, English theologian (b. 1805)
April 2 - Samuel Morse, American inventor (b. 1791)
June 4 - Stanisław Moniuszko, Polish composer (b. 1819)
June 4 - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Dutch politician (b. 1798)
July 18 - Benito Juárez, President of Mexico (b. 1806)
August 19 - Charles XV of Sweden|Charles XV, King of Sweden and Norway (b. 1826)
September 13 - Ludwig Feuerbach, German philosopher (b. 1804)
October 23 - Théophile Gautier, French writer (b. 1811)
November 28 - Mary Somerville, British mathematician (b. 1780)
December 15 - Mary Anne Disraeli, 1st Viscountess Beaconsfield|Lady Beaconsfield, wife of Benjamin Disraeli (b. 1792)
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