1898
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'''1898''' was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).
Events
January
January 1 - New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island.
January 13 - Emile Zola's ''J'accuse'' exposes the Dreyfus affair.
February
February 7 - Emile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing ''J'Accuse''
February 12 - Henry Lindfield, dies in England. Lindfield was the first fatality from an automobile accident.
February 15 - Spanish-American War: The USS Maine|USS ''Maine'' explodes and sinks in Havana Harbor, Cuba for then unknown reasons killing more than 260. This event helped lead the United States to declare war on Spain.
February 23 - Emile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing "J'accuse" which was a letter accusing the French government of anti-Semitism and wrongfully placing Alfred Dreyfus in jail.
March
March 24 - Robert Allison of Port Carbon, Pennsylvania becomes the first person to buy an American-built automobile when he buys a Winton automobile that was advertised in ''Scientific American''.
March 26 - The Sabi Game Reserve in South Africa, the first officially designated game reserve
April
April 22 - Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spain | Spanish merchant ship.
April 25 - Spanish-American War: The United States declares war on Spain; the Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress announces that a state of war has existed since April 21 (later backdating one more day to April 20).
May
May 7 - General Bava-Beccaris killed 80 demonstrants in Milan, Italy shooting on a rally; King of Italy Umberto I of Italy|Umberto I will be killed two years after to avenge this shooting.
June
June 1 - The Trans-Mississippi Exposition (1898)|Trans-Mississippi Exposition world's fair opens in Omaha, Nebraska.
June 12 - Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
June 13 - Yukon|Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson, Yukon|Dawson chosen as its capital.
June 17 - The Navy Hospital Corps is established.
July
July 3 - Joshua Slocum completes a 3-year solo circumnavigation
July 7 - The United States annexes the Hawaii|Hawaiian Islands.
July 17 - Spanish-American War: Battle of Santiago Bay - Troops under United States General William R. Shafter take the city of Santiago de Cuba from the Spain | Spanish.
July 25 - Spanish-American War: The United States invasion of Puerto Rico begins with a landing at Guánica Bay.
August
August 28- Caleb Bradham starts to use for his soft drink the name Pepsi-Cola.
September
September 2 - Battle of Omdurman - British and Egyptian troops led by Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener of Khartoum|Horatio Kitchener defeat Sudanese tribesmen led by Khalifa Abdullah al-Taashi, thus establishing British dominance in the Sudan.
September 10 - Luigi Lucheni assassinates Empress Elizabeth of Austria-Hungary
September 21 - Empress Dowager Cixi of China engineered a coup d'etat and it marks the end of Hundred Days' Reform. Guangxu Emperor was arrested.
October
October 1 - The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name ''k.u.k. Exportakademie''.
December
December 10 - The Treaty of Peace ending the Spanish-American War is signed in Paris.
December 26 ? Maria Sklodowska-Curie|Marie and Pierre Curie discover radium
Fashoda incident -- diplomatic dispute between France and the United Kingdom.
John Henry Patterson (author)|John Henry Patterson kills the man-eating lions of Tsavo which were delaying the building of the Uganda Railway as described in the book "The Man-Eaters of Tsavo"
Exploits of Louis de Rougemont begin to appear in the ''Wide World Magazine''
North Petherton becomes the first town in England to install Acetylene lighting.
John Jacob Abel isolates epinephrine (adrenaline).
William Ramsay and Morris Travers discover neon
Births
January to March
January 16 - Margaret Booth, American film editor (d. 2002)
January 21 - Ahmad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (d. 1930)
January 23 - Sergei Eisenstein, Russian film director (d. 1948)
January 23 - Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (d. 1948)
February 3 - Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (d. 1976)
February 10 - Bertolt Brecht, German writer (d. 1956)
February 14 - Fritz Zwicky, Swiss physicist and astronomer (d. 1974)
February 15 - Allen Woodring, American runner (d. 1982)
February 17 - Thomas Coleman Lowry, New Zealand cricket captains (d. 1976)
February 18 - Enzo Ferrari, Italian race car driver and automobile manufacturer (d. 1988)
February 18 - Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet, journalist, and politician (d. 1980)
February 24 - Kurt Tank, German aeronautical engineer (d. 1983)
February 28 - Hugh O'Flaherty, Irish Catholic priest (d. 1963)
March 11 - Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
April to June
April 1 - William James Sidis, American mathematician (d. 1944)
April 3 - George Jessel (actor)|George Jessel, American comedian (d. 1981)
April 4 - Agnes Ayres, American actress (d. 1940)
April 6 - Jeanne Hébuterne, French painter (d. 1920)
April 26 - Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
April 26 - John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (d. 1972)
May 3 - Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)
May 15 - Arletty, French model and actress (d. 1992)
May 17 - Alfred Joseph Casson, Canadian painter (d. 1992)
May 21 - Armand Hammer, American entrepreneur and art collector (d. 1990)
May 23 - Scott O'Dell, American author (d. 1989)
May 31 - Dr. Norman Vincent Peale, American clergyman (d. 1993)
June 4 - Harry Crosby, American publisher and poet (d. 1929)
June 5 - Federico García Lorca, Spanish poet (d. 1936)
June 17 - M. C. Escher, Dutch artist (d. 1972)
June 22 - Erich Maria Remarque, German writer (d. 1970)
July to September
July 2 - Gen Paul, French artist (d. 1975)
July 3 - Donald Healey, English motor engineer and race car driver (d. 1988)
July 6 - Hanns Eisler, German composer (d. 1962)
July 17 - Berenice Abbott, American photographer (d. 1991)
July 22 - Stephen Vincent Benet, American writer (d. 1943)
July 22 - Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
July 29 - Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
July 30 - Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
August 26 - Peggy Guggenheim, American art collector (d. 1979)
August 29 - Preston Sturges, American director and writer (d. 1959)
September 13 - Roger Désormière, French conductor (d. 1963)
September 22 - Katherine Alexander, American actress (d. 1981)
September 24 - Howard Walter Florey, Australian-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1968)
September 25 - Robert Brackman American artist (d. 1980)
September 26 - George Gershwin, American composer (d. 1937)
September 30 - Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
September 30 - Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois|Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
October to December
October 10 - Lilly Daché, French milliner (d. 1989)
October 10 - Marie Pierre Koenig, French general and politician (d. 1970)
October 15 - Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (d. 1959)
October 25 - Klaus Baudelaire, brother to Violet Baudelaire (d. 1914)
November 8 - Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (d. 1937)
November 12 - Leon Štukelj, Slovene gymnast, Olympic gold medalist and athlete (d. 1999)
November 18 - Joris Ivens, Dutch director (d. 1989)
November 19 - Arthur R. von Hippel, German-born physicist (d. 2003)
November 21 - René Magritte, Belgian artist (d. 1967)
November 26 - Karl Ziegler, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
November 29 - C. S. Lewis, British author (d. 1963)
November 30 - Firpo Marberry, baseball pitcher (d. 1976)
December 19 - Zheng Zhenduo, Chinese author,translator (d. 1958)
December 20 - Irene Dunne, American actress (d. 1990)
December 24 - Baby Dodds, American jazz musician (d. 1959)
Unknown dates
Hisamuddin Alam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, King of Malaysia (d. 1960)
Deaths
January 14 - Lewis Carroll, British writer, mathematician (b. 1832)
January 18 - Henry Liddell | Henry George Lidell, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford (b. 1811)
March 1 - George Bruce Malleson, Indian officer and author (b. 1825)
March 15 - Henry Bessemer, British engineer and inventor (b. 1813)
March 16 - Aubrey Beardsley, British artist (b. 1872)
March 18 - Matilda Joslyn Gage, American feminist (b. 1826)
April 15 - Kepa Te Rangihiwinui, Maori military leader
April 18 - Gustave Moreau, French painter (b. 1826)
May 19 - William Ewart Gladstone, British prime minister |