1915
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'''1915''' '''(MCMXV)''' was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar).
Events
January 12 - The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress.
January 12 - United States House of Representatives rejects proposal to give women the right to vote.
January 13 – An earthquake (6.8 in Richter scale) in Avezzano, Italy - 32.610 dead
January 19 - George Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
January 19 - German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom for the first time, killing more than 20.
January 21 - Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.
January 27 - United States Marine Corps|United States Marines occupy Haiti.
January 27 - Chinese president Yuan Shikai declares himself Emperor
January 28 - An act of the Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress creates the United States Coast Guard.
January 31 - World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.
February 8 - The controversial film ''The Birth of a Nation'' by D.W. Griffith premieres (Los Angeles, California).
February 12 - In Washington, DC the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
March 3 - National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics|NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.
March 14 - World War I: Off the coast of Chile, the Royal Navy sinks the German battleship SMS Dresden|SMS ''Dresden''.
March 14 - United Kingdom|Britain, France and Russia agree to give Constantinople and the Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik revolution)
March 18 - World War I: United Kingdom|British attack on the Dardanelles fails.
March 19 - Pluto (planet)|Pluto is photographed for the first time but was not recognized as a planet.
March 25 - United States|US submarine F-4 sinks off Hawaii - 21 dead
March 28 - The first Roman Catholic Liturgy is celebrated by Archbishop John Ireland at the newly consecrated Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul.
April 13 - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa's attack against Alvaro Obregon's troops in Celaya. Charge of Villa's troops is no match against Obregon's barbed wire and machineguns
April 22 - World War I: Second Battle of Ypres - Germany|German troops introduce poison gas at Ypres, Belgium.
April 24 - Ottoman Empire|Turkish troops attack the Armenia|Armenian region of Van, starting the Armenian Genocide. In Constantinople, Turkish officers round up 300 ethnically Armenian intellectuals and execute them
April 25 - The Anzac tradition begins during World War I with a landing at Gallipoli on the Turkey|Turkish coast.
April 30 - Australian submarine AE2 sunk in Sea of Marmora.
May 3 - John McCrae writes In Flanders Fields
May 7 - World War I: The RMS Lusitania|RMS ''Lusitania'' is sunk by a Germany|German U-boat killing 1,198.
May 9 - World War I: Second Battle of Artois - Germany|German and France|French forces fight.
May 17 - The last purely Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal government in the United Kingdom ends when Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith forms an all party coalition.
May 22 - Quintinshill railway disaster, Scotland, UK. 200 killed.
May 23 - World War I: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.
June 3 - Troops of Obregon and Villa clash at León, Guanajuato|León. Obregon loses his right arm in grenade attack but Villa is decisively defeated
June 9 - U.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns over a disagreement regarding his nation's handling of the RMS Lusitania|RMS ''Lusitania'' sinking.
June 16 - Foundation of the British Women's Institute
June 29 – Roger Casement is sentenced to be hanged for treason
July 24 - The steamer ''Eastland'' capsizes in central Chicago, Illinois, with the loss of 845 lives.
August 5 – August 23|23 - hurricane over Galveston and New Orleans – 275 dead
August 6 - World War I: Battle of Sari Bair begins - The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay.
August 16 - The Entente promises the Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over Austro-Hungary and it's allied Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and eastern 2/3 of Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).
August 17 - Jewish American Leo Frank is lynching|lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.
September 6 - The first prototype tank is tested for the British Army for the first time.
September 7 - Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
October 12 - World War I: United Kingdom|British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a Germany|German firing squad for helping Allies | Allied soldiers escape from Belgium.
October 19 - US recognizes Mexico|Mexican government of Victoriano Carranza ''de facto'' (not ''de jure'' until 1917)
October 27 - Billy Hughes|William Morris Hughes becomes 7th Prime Minister of Australia.
November 25 - The theory of general relativity is formulated.
December 26 - Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council decides to stage a rising on Easter Sunday 1916.
Unknown dates
Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of Pangea.
Emory College is rechartered as Emory University, and plans to move its main campus from Oxford, Georgia to Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta.
United States|U.S. recognizes government of President Venustiano Carranza of Mexico.
William Maxwell Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook|Lord Beaverbrook buys the ''London Daily Express''.
Automobile speed record of 102.6 m.p.h. set at Sheepshead Bay, N.Y.. by Gil Anderson driving a Stutz.
The first stop sign appears in Detroit, Michigan.
Female suffrage in Denmark and Iceland
Henri Désiré Landru begins his serial kills
Typhoid Mary isolated
Ongoing events
World War I (1914-1918)
Armenian Genocide (1915-1918)
Assyrian Genocide (1914-1922)
Births
January
January 5 - Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (d. 2004)
January 14 - Mark Goodson, American television game show producer (d. 1992)
January 20 - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan
January 23 - Arthur Lewis (economist)|Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
January 24 - Robert Motherwell, American painter (d. 1991)
January 30 - Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976)
January 31 - Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (d. 2002)
January 31 - Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
February
February 1 - Artur London, Czech statesman (d. 1986)
February 1 - Sir Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)
February 2 - Khushwant Singh, Indian writer
February 4 - Sir Norman Wisdom, English comedian, singer, and actor
February 5 - Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
February 16 - Jim O'Hora, American college football coach, (d. 2005)
February 28 - Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1987)
March
March 9 - Johnnie Johnson (pilot)|John Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson, English World War II|WW2 pilot (d. 2001)
March 10 - Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (d. 1978)
March 11 - Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
March 14 - Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
March 20 - Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian born Soviet pianist (d. 1997)
March 23 - Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev|Vasily Zaitsev, Soviet sniper, World War II hero (d. 1991).
March 30 - Arsenio Erico, Paraguayan footballer in Argentina (d. 1977)
March 31 - Albert Hourani, English Middle Eastern historian (d. 1993)
April
April 4 - Muddy Waters, American blues musician (d. 1983)
April 7 - Billie Holiday, American jazz and blues singer (d. 1959)
April 21 - Anthony Quinn, Mexican actor (d. 2001)
May
May 1 - Krystyna Skarbek, Polish-born heroine of World War II (d. 1952)
May 1 - Archie Williams, American athlete (d. 1993)
May 2 - Doris Fisher, American singer and songwriter (d. 2003)
May 5 - Alice Faye, American entertainer (d. 1998)
May 6 - Orson Welles, American film director (d. 1985)
May 10 - Denis Thatcher, husband of Margaret Thatcher (d. 2003)
May 15 - Paul Samuelson, American economist, Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize laureate
May 20 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli military leader and politician (d. 1981)
May 26 - Sam Edwards, American actor (d. 2004)
May 29 - Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d. 1990)
June
June 1 - John Randolph (actor)|John Randolph, American actor (d. 2004)
June 10 - Saul Bellow, Canadian-born writer, Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
June 15 - Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
June 17 - Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (d. 1996)
June 24 - Sir Fred Hoyle, British astronomer (d. 2001)
July-August
July 28 - Charles Townes, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate
August 22 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)
August 27 - Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate
September-October
September 23 - Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
September 30 - Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
October 13 - Terry Frost, English artist (d. 2003)
October 9 - Clifford M. Hardin, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture
October 17 - Arthur Miller, American playwright (d. 2005)
October 24 - Bob Kane, American comic book creator, Creator of Batman (d. 1998)
October 24 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (d. 1984)
October 29 - William Berenberg, American physician (d. 2005)
November
November 9 - Sargent Shriver, American politician
November 11 - William Proxmire, American politician
November 12 - Roland Barthes, French philosopher and literary critic (d. 1980)
November 14 - Martha Tilton, Britih actress
November 19 - Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
November 25 - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile
November 30 - Brownie McGhee, American musician (d. 1996)
November 30 - Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
December
December 7 - Eli Wallach, American actor
December 8 - Ernest Lehman American screenwriter (d. 2005)
December 9 - Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German soprano
December 12 - Frank Sinatra, American entertainer (d. 1998)
December 19 - Edith Piaf, French singer (d. 1963)
December 27 - Gyula Zsengellér, Hungarian footballer
Deaths
January 15 - Mary Slessor, Scottish Christian missionary (b. 1848)
February 5 - Ross Barnes, baseball player (b. 1850)
March 31 - Wyndham Halswelle, Scottish runner (b. 1882)
April 16 - Nelson W. Aldrich, Senator from Rhode Island (b. 1841)
April 23 - Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)
July 16 - Ellen G. White, American prophetess, co-founder of Seventh-Day Adventism (b. 1827)
August 20 - Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854)
August 26 - John Bunny American silent film comedian (b. 1863)
September 9 - Albert Spalding, baseball player and sporting goods manufacturer (b. 1850)
September 13 - Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (b. 1835)
October 12 - Charles Sorley, British poet (b. 1895)
November 15 - Booker T. Washington, African-American educator (b. 1856)
Marriages
January 20 - Richard E. Byrd & Marie Donaldson
April 27 - Bert Wheeler & Margaret Grae
June 26 - T.S. Eliot & Vivienne Haigh-Wood
August 11 - Buck Jones & Odelle Osborne
August 29 - Julian Reed & Mrs. Mary Darcey Goodwin
September 21 - Averell Harriman & Kitty Lawrence
September 22 - Siegfried Wagner & Winifred Wagner
October 21 - Graciliano Ramos & Maria Augusta de Barros
December 5 - Kurt Schwitters & Helma Fischer
December 12 - Mae Busch & Francis McDonald
December 17 - Benito Mussolini & Donna Rachele Guidi
December 18 - Paul Hoffman & Dorothy Brown
December 18 - Woodrow Wilson & Edith Bolling Galt
Nobel Prizes
Nobel Prize/Chemistry|Chemistry - Richard Willstätter
Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature - Romain Rolland
Nobel Prize/Physiology or medicine|Medicine - not awarded
Nobel Prize/Peace|Peace - not awarded
Nobel Prize/Physics|Physics - William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg
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