Journalism
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'''Journalism''' is a discipline of collecting, verifying, analyzing and presenting information gathered regarding current events, including trends, issues and people. Those who practice journalism are known as journalists.
News-oriented journalism often is described as the "first draft of history." Even though journalists often write news articles to a deadline, news media usually editor | edit and proofread the results prior to publication.
Reporting and editorializing
Journalism has as its main activity the description|reporting of event|events — stating who, what, when, where, why and how, and explaining the significance and effect of events or trends. Journalism exists in a number of media: newspapers, television, radio, magazines and, since the end of 20th century, the Internet.
Generally, publishers and consumers of journalism draw a distinction between reporting — "just the facts" — and opinions (such as editorials, the official opinions of the paper, and op-ed columns, "opposite the editorial page" commentary). However, this distinction sometimes can break down. Journalists may unintentionally fall prey to propaganda or disinformation. (See News management.) Journalists may give a biased account of facts by reporting selectively, for instance, focusing on anecdote or giving a partial explanation of actions. Foreign reporting may become more susceptible to bias, because the writers or editors of a newspaper in a given geographical area may find it more difficult to check the facts in reports about distant places. (See Media bias.)
Feature-writing
Newspapers and periodicals often contain features (see under heading '''feature style''' at article news style) written by journalists, many of whom specialize in this form of "in-depth" journalism.
Sources
Journalists' interaction with sources sometimes involves confidentiality. Many Western governments guarantee the freedom of the press. By extension, these freedoms sometimes also add legal protection for journalists, allowing them to keep the identity of a source private even when demanded by police or prosecutors.
Blogging
Recently there has been some controversy as to whether blogging constitutes a form of journalism. There have been arguments on both sides of the debate further fueled by a March 2005 court ruling in a case involving Apple Computer and several Apple rumor blogs. In that ruling the judge declared that the blogs were not entitled to journalist protections with regards to preserving the anonymity of sources because they don't qualify as a form of journalism. This set a legal precedent.
See also
Freedom of the press
Journalist
Journalistic standards
List of journalism books
List of journalism topics
McLurg's Law
Magazine
Newspaper
Objectivity (journalism)
Planted news
Witness
Mass media
Trial by media
Media circus
Media hype
Types of journalism
Advocacy journalism
Alternative journalism
Broadcast journalism
Business journalism
Chequebook journalism|Chequebook/Checkbook journalism
Citizen journalism
Computer-assisted reporting
Gonzo journalism
Electronic journalism
Environmental journalism
Investigative journalism
Literary journalism related to creative nonfiction
Muckraking
New journalism
Online journalism
Photo journalism
Science journalism
Sports journalism
Tabloid|Tabloid journalism
Trade journalism
Watchdog journalism
Yellow journalism
External links
http://www.journalism.org- Homepage for the Project for Excellence in Journalism
http://poynter.org/http://www.spj.orghttp://journalism.wikicities.com/wiki/Main_Page a wiki about journalism
http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/5002/journalist.html- March 5, 2005 article in support of blogging as a form of journalism.
http://www.fnpj.org.brhttp://www.sbpjor.org.br
Journalism education
Knight Center for Journalism http://knightcenter.utexas.edu/index.php Columbia School of Journalism http://www.jrn.columbia.edu
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