July 23

Events

1503 - Orbital calculations suggest that on this day Pluto moved outside Neptune's orbit, remaining there for 233 years.

1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.

1829 - In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the first typewriter.

1862 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.

1903 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a Ford Motor Company|Ford Model A.

1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria|Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denies Austria-Hungary their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914

1926 - Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

1936 - In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of socialist and communist parties.

1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1942- The Treblinka extermination camp is opened

1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.

1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.

1961 - Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) founded in Nicaragua.

1962 - Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic television signal.

1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).

1970 - Qaboos of Oman|Qaboos ibn Sa’id, becomes Sultan of Oman.

1972 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.

1973 - Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.

1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.

1983 - Gimli Glider: Air Canada flight 143 crash-lands in Gimli, Manitoba.

1984 - Vanessa Lynn Williams | Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nudity|nude photos of her appeared in ''Penthouse'' magazine.

1986 - In London, Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey.

1997 - Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.

1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.

1999 - Hijacking|Hijack of ANA Flight 61 in Tokyo.

2001 - Megawati Soekarnoputri becomes the fifth List of Presidents of Indonesia|President of Indonesia, replacing Abdurrahman Wahid.

2003 - Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.

2004 - Eleven years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.

Births

1301 - Duke Otto of Austria (d. 1339)

1339 - King Louis I of Naples (d. 1384)

1626 - Sabbatai Zevi, Ottoman Jewish religious leader

1649 - Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)

1705 - Francis Blomefield, English topographer (d. 1752)

1734 - Antonio Maria Gaspare Sacchini, Italian composer (d. 1786)

1777 - Philipp Otto Runge, German painter (d. 1810)

1796 - Franz Berwald, Swedish composer (d. 1868)

1838 - Edouard Judas Colonne, French violinist (d. 1910)

1865 - Max Heindel, Danish Christian occultist, astrologer, and mystic (d. 1919)

1884 - Emil Jannings, Swiss actor (d. 1950)

1886 - Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish League of Nations official (d. 1978)

1888 - Raymond Chandler, American author (d. 1959)

1892 - Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1975)

1893 - Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist (d. 1990)

1894 - Arthur Treacher, English character actor (d. 1975)

1895 - Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)

1899 - Gustav Heinemann, President of Germany (d. 1976)

1906 - Vladimir Prelog, Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)

1918 - Bueno de Mesquita Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)

1918 - Pee Wee Reese baseball player (d. 1999)

1921 - Calvert DeForest, American actor

1923 - Witto Aloma, baseball player (d. 1997)

1933 - Bert Convy, American game show host, actor, and singer (d. 1991)

1936 - Shiv Kumar Batalvi, Punjabi revolutionary (d. 1973)

1936 - Don Drysdale, baseball player (d. 1993)

1936 - Anthony Kennedy, U.S. Supreme Court Justice

1938 - Juliet Anderson, American porn star

1938 - Gotz George|Götz George, German actor

1938 - Bert Newton, Australian actor and television show host

1940 - Don Imus, American talk radio host

1942 - Myra Hindley, English murderer (d. 2002)

1943 - Tony Joe White, American singer and songwriter

1947 - Gardner Dozois, American author

1947 - David Essex, English singer

1950 - Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born judge

1951 - Edie McClurg, American actress

1957 - Theo van Gogh (film director)|Theo van Gogh, Dutch film director (assassinated) (d. 2004)

1961 - Martin Gore, English musician and songwriter (Depeche Mode)

1961 - Woody Harrelson, American actor

1965 - Slash (musician)|Slash, English-born guitarist (Guns N Roses)

1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor

1968 - Gary Payton, American basketball player

1970 - Thea Dorn, German writer

1971 - Dalvin DeGrate, American singer

1971 - Alison Krauss, American singer and fiddler

1973 - Nomar Garciaparra, baseball player

1973 - Francis Healy, Scottish rock musician (Travis (band)|Travis)

1973 - Monica Lewinsky, White House intern

1974 - Terry Glenn, American football player

1974 - Maurice Greene, American athlete

1974 - Stephanie March, American actress

1976 - Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player

1978 - Stefanie Sun, Singapore singer

1980 - Michelle Williams (singer)|Michelle Williams, American singer

1981 - Steve Jocz, Canadian drummer (Sum41)

1983 - Rebecca Cartwright, Australian actress

1986 - Tomas Cunha e Silva, Portuguese driver

1989 - Daniel Radcliffe, English actor

Deaths

1227 - Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist (b. 1148)

1373 - Saint Birgitta, Swedish saint (b. 1303)

1403 - Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (executed) (born 1343)

1531 - Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet, Marshal of Normandy and husband of Diane de Poitiers

1584 - John Day (printer)|John Day, English printer (b. 1522)

1692 - Gilles Ménage, French scholar (b. 1613)

1727 - Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor of Great Britain

1757 - Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer (b. 1685)

1764 - Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (b. 1703)

1773 - George Edwards, English naturalist (b. 1693)

1781 - John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-born Continental Congressman (b. 1724)

1793 - Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1721)

1853 - Andries Pretorius, Boer leader (b. 1798)

1878 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician (b. 1804)

1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)

1916 - Sir William Ramsay, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)

1920 - Conrad Kohrs, German-born rancher (b. 1835)

1924 - Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (b. 1850)

1942 - Adam Czerniakow, Polish engineer (suicide) (b. 1880)

1948 - D. W. Griffith, American film director (b. 1875)

1951 - Henri Philippe Pétain, leader of Vichy France (b. 1856)

1955 - Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1871)

1966 - Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)

1968 - Henry Hallett Dale, English scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1875)

1971 - Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)

1973 - Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot (b. 1890)

1982 - Vic Morrow, American actor (b. 1929)

1983 - Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)

1985 - Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (b. 1923)

1989 - Donald Barthelme, American author (b. 1931)

1997 - Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete (b. 1904)

1999 - King Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929)

2001 - Eudora Welty, American author (b. 1909)

2002 - Leo McKern, Australian actor (b. 1920)

2002 - Dr. William L. Pierce, American author and activist (b. 1933)

2002 - Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929)

2003 - James E. Davis, New York City councilman (murdered) (b. 1962)

2004 - Mehmood, Indian actor (b. 1932)

2004 - Carlos Paredes, Portuguese musician and composer (b. 1925)

Holidays and observances

Egypt - Revolution Day (1952)

Libya - Revolution Day

Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day

Roman Empire - Neptunalia held in honor of Poseidon|Neptune

Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie

Astrology: First day of sun sign Leo

External links

http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/23

http://www.tnl.net/when/7/23---- July 22 - July 24 - June 23 - August 23 -- historical anniversaries|listing of all days